Post-operative surgical site infections (SSIs) are a common occurrence these days due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. A newly developed nanocomposite coating can inhibit biofilm formation and also kill the attached bacteria, thereby helping to tackle this problem.
The SSIs are caused by the development of biofilms on the incision site or in the soft tissue inside the site. The biofilm matrix, which may come from existing infections in the patient’s body or can be transferred through potential carriers like surgical equipment, wound dressing, or bandage/surgical sutures, acts as a physical shield against antibiotics given during the operation, slowing down their penetration.
Hence, it is important to have an antibacterial coating on the surface of these materials that can act as potential sources of SSI. Conventionally antibacterial coatings containing biocides like nano silver, nano copper, triclosan, and chlorhexidine have been used to prevent bacterial infections. Although Triclosan and chlorhexidine exhibit antibacterial effects towards a broad spectrum of bacteria, they and other biocides are found to produce cytotoxicity. As a result, there is an increasing focus on developing alternative non-cytotoxic materials with antibacterial properties.
Researchers from ARCI, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), have developed a nanocomposite coating (named ATL) by combining water repellence and biocidal properties (combinatorial approach). This coating not only inhibits biofilm formation by restricting bacterial and water adhesion but also kills attached bacteria.
ATL was deposited on different surgical sutures made of silk, nylon, and polyglactin 910 (vicryl) in addition to surgical instrument grade stainless steel 420 coupons and tested for biofilm inhibition against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and clinical isolate strains of proven biofilm-forming bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at Translational Health Science Technology Institute (THSTI) and LV Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI) respectively.
The ATL-coated vicryl sutures exhibited a higher percentage of biofilm inhibition when compared to commercially available triclosan-coated antibacterial sutures. It was found that ATL coatings are non-cytotoxic. This coating can be used as a non-cytotoxic alternative to commercially available antibacterial coatings, especially for healthcare applications on surgical sutures/surgical instruments to prevent the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Source: PIB